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I UNITED STATES PATENT Fries,

PHILIP H. IMANDEL, or BOSTON, M ssnorrnsnrrs, AssieNoR TO THE MECHANICALGOMPANYQOF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MIXTURE FOR PREPARING AND SERSIIIZING GELAIlNlZED PAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent lilo. 240,526, dated April26, 1881.

Application filed March 16, 1881 (N0 specimens.)

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PHILIP H. MANDEL, of Boston, countyof Suffolk, andState of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement inMixtures for Preparing and Sen sitizing Gelatinized Paper for use inDecorating Vitreous and Vegetable Substances and Method of Applying thesaid Mixture to Paper, of which the following description is aspecification.

This invention has for its object the produc; tion of a paper to be usedfor decorating vitre 011s and vegetable substances, such as china,

glass, and wood; and it consists in a mixture, as hereinafter described,whereby the surface of the paperis adapted to receive mineral and otherpigments, such as are employed in the decorations of china, glass, andwood, and imprint a number of impressions directly on such substances.

In another application filed by me May 14, 1880, I have described apaper suitably prepared to receive printers ink to transfer a designupon metallic surfaces; but such prepared paper is not adapted toreceive and transfer the class of pigments or colors such as areemployed for decoratin g vitreous substances, such as china and glass,or vegetable or fibrous substances, such as wood, &c. p

The prepared surface of the paper employed by me, as described in mysaid application, to transfer a design to a metal surface, is notsufficiently hard to receive and hold mineral colors or pigments whicharoused for vitreous substances, such as china and glass, and which aresubsequently baked on the said vitreous substances. With such paper, onapplying the design to vegetable or similar substances of a fibrous orporous nature, I have found that the gelatine on which the ink isapplied adheres thereto when the paper is removed or pulled off.

In this my present invention I employ all the ingredients described inmy application re ferred to, but in different proportions; but I haveadded to the ingredients therein mentioned other ingredients, ashereinafter specified, whereby I am enabled to give to the paper a verydifferent surfaceone which adapts it to receive and correctly apply tovitreous,

vegetable, and fibrous substances the class or kind of color or pigmentnecessary to'bethereexpense. This negative is employed to print upon myprepared paper the designer pattern which 18 to be transferred to thevitreous, vegetable, or fibrous substance to be decorated,

and when two or more colors are to be applied in the decoration it Willbe understood that two, or more negatives will be used",'each negativecontaining only that part of the entire design which is to appear in onecolor,

In the application of my improvement or invention to the decoration ofthe great'variety of articles included under the"head;,of vitreous,vegetable, and fibrous substances which are now being extensivelydecorated, I take, by preference, strong paper and coat one side of itwith gelatine dissolved in water, and when the gelatine is dissolvedalcohol is added. 1 have secured the best results by employing, one-halfpound of Maydenburg gelatine dissolved in forty-eight ounces of water,and as the gelatine is dissolved two ounces of alcohol are added. Thepaper is then hung up to dry. I then make a sensitizing and hardeningsolution, substantially as follows, viz: I take seven and one-halfouncesof bichromate of ammonia and dissolve it in fifteen ounces of water, andthen add two grains nitric silver, which makes a dark opaque solution;but to make this solution of paler color, more sensitive to light, andat the same time insure additional hardness to the gelatine surfacewhich is to be acted upon by light through the negative, I add threegrains iodine, six grains of chloride of zinc, and four grams of tanninsolution--a solution composed of, say, four ounces of tannin to fortyounces of water. The gelatinized paper having been dried, itsgelatinesurface is laid on the solution described for about thirtyseconds, when it is removed and dried in a dark room. After it is driedit is ready to be placed, in connection with the negative, in anordinaryphotographers printingframe, *and the negative, exposed to light,

stone having upon it the color to be used, afterwhich the preparedsurface of the paper so colored is washed in cold water, thus removingall the bichromate not hardened by the light, and at the same timeswelling the unhardened gelatine surface, leaving as a printing-surfaceonly that part of the gelatine which was sufficiently hardened to resistthe action of the water when the paper was washed. This hardened portionhaving color applied to it may be used as a printing-surface to applythe design in color to vitreous, vegetable, or fibrous substances. Thepaper having a prepared surface of the hardness and character describedis, as I have found, admirably suited to receive and transfer to chinaand glass mineral colors or pigments, such as are necessarily employedin decorating china and glass colors, which could not be employed withthe paper if the gelatine upon its surface were not subjected to thepresence ofiodine, zinc, and tannin, as stated, to harden the gelatinesufficiently for printing; and, further, if the gelatine were not sohardened it would stick to the surface of substances of vegetable orfibrous character, such as Wood and cloth.

Paper prepared in this way may be made to produce from twelve to twentyimpressions.

I shall not attempt to explain all the chemical effects of theingredients mentioned; and

while I consider the proportions of the ingredients herein mentioned tobe the best for practical work, I do not desire to limit myself to theexact proportions; and I also desire it to be understood that instead ofthe said ingredients I might employ any of their usual chemicalequivalents, which, in this class of work described by me, would operatein a like manner.

I claim 1. As an improved article of manufacture, the herein-describedmixture for preparing and sensitizing gelatinized paper, it beingcomposed of water, bichromate of ammonia, alcohol, nitric silver,iodine, chloride of zinc, and tannin, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described method of preparing a piece of paper for aprinting-surface to apply color to vitreous, vegetable, and fibroussubstances, which consists in coating one face of the paper with asolution of gelatine in the presence of alcohol, drying the said paper,and then subjecting the prepared face to the action of a sensitizing andhardening mixture, substantially such as herein described, adapted toreceive color and form a printing-surface capable of transferringnumerous impressions, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIP H. MANDEL.

Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, BERNICE J. NoYEs.

